Important 한자

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Introduction

Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. Since a lot of Korean words are derived from Chinese, learning 한자 can be like learning prefixes, suffixes and root words. This section will introduce to you important 한자 characters, some of them which are not beginner level characters.

Please note: - means there is no Hanja character for it, i.e. 동네 <->. There is no Hanja character for 네, - is not to be confused for 일 ().

Also note that some chinese characters have two ways to pronounce it. For example, '', whch means 'female' can be pronounced as both '여' and '녀' in Korean. But as you can see from the examples, 여 is only used when it comes as the first syllable of a word, while 녀 is only used in the middle of a word or at the end. This is a special grammatical rule called '두음법칙' or '머리소리 법칙' and North Korea doesn't follow this rule (nor do they use 한자 anymore).

Days of the week

Let's start with the days of the week, since it's basic. Just focus on the characters 日, 月, 火, 水, 木, 金, and 土.

Sunday
日.png
일요일
Sun day
(일) - the sun
Monday
月.png
월요일
Moon day
(월) - the moon
Tuesday
火.png
화요일
Fire day
(화) - fire
Wednesday
水.png
수요일
Water day
(수) - water
Thursday
木.png
목요일
Tree day
(목) - tree
Friday
金.png
금요일
Metal/gold day
(금) - gold, metal
Saturday
土.png
토요일
Earth day
(토) - soil, earth

Important 한자 1

Part 1 contains 한자 characters from ㄱ to ㅁ.







강 <江> - River

江.png
  • 강 <> - River
  • 한강 <> - Han River
  • 강남 <> - South of the river
  • 강북 <> - North of the river
  • 강가 - Riverside,Riverbank
  • 강변 <> - Riverside,Riverbank
  • 강변도로 <> - Riverside road
  • 강둑 - River embankment
  • 강물 - River water
  • 강줄기 - River course
For more examples see:




고 <高> - High, Tall

高.png
  • 고속 <> - High speed
  • 고속버스 - Express bus
  • 고층 <> - Upper floors
  • 고층빌딩 <--> - Skyscraper
  • 고급 <> - High rank, High grade/class, Seniority
  • 최고 <> - Maximum, Best, Supremacy
  • 고등 <> - High level (grade)
  • 고등학교 <> - High school
  • 고등학생 <> - High school student
  • 고혈압 <> - High blood pressure
For more examples see:




과 <科> - Section, Department, Science

科.png
  • 치과 <> - Dentist office, Dentistry
  • 안과 <> - Ophthalmology
  • 정형외과 <> - Orthopedics
  • 과목 <> - Subject, Lesson
  • 학과 <> - School subject, Lesson
  • 교과서 <> - Textbook, Schoolbook
  • 영문학과 <> - The English literature department
  • 컴퓨터공학과 <---> - The computer engineering department
  • 과학 <> - Science
  • 과학자 <> - Scientist
For more examples see:




교 <敎> - Teach, faith, religion

敎.png
For more examples see:




교 <校> - School

校.png
  • 학교 <> - School
  • 초등학교 <> - Elementary school
  • 모교 <> - Alma mater
  • 등교 <> - Attending school
  • 교문 <> - School gate
  • 교가 <> - School song
  • 교정 <> - The campus
  • 교복 <> - School uniform
  • 교훈 <> - Motto for school discipline
  • 교장 <> - Principal, Head a school
For more examples see:




구 <區> - District, ward , area

區.png
  • 강남구 <江南區> - Gangnam district
  • 성북구 <城北區> - Sungbuk district
  • 구청 <> - District office
  • 구민 <> - The inhabitants of a district
  • 구분 <> - A division, A section
  • 구역 <> - A zone, A district
  • 구획 <> - A section, A division
  • 구별 <> - Distinction, Classification
  • 구간 <> - A section, A block
  • 지역구 <> - Local constituencies(electorates)
For more examples see:




구 <口> - Entrance, gate, mouth, open end

口.png
For more examples see:




국 <國> - Nation, country

國.png
  • 국민 <> - A nation, the nation, a people the people
  • 외국 <> - A foreign country
  • 한국 <> - Korea
  • 미국 <> - The United States
  • 중국 <> - China
  • 국화 <> - National Flower
  • 국회 <> - The National Assembly
  • 국민 연금 <> - National pension
  • 국가 <> - National anthem
  • 국보 <> - National treasure(heirloom)
For more examples see:




남 <南> - South

南.png
  • 강남 <> - south of the river
  • 경상남도 <> - south 경상 province
  • 전라남도<> - south 전라 province
  • 충청남도 <> - south 충청 province
  • 남한 <> - south Korea
  • 남대문 <> - the South Gate of Seoul (Namdaemoon)
  • 남산 <> - the South Mountain of Seoul (Namsan)
  • 남극 <> - the South Pole
  • 남해 <> - the southern sea
  • 남향 <> - a southern exposure
  • 남풍 <> - the south wind
  • 남미 <> - South America
For more examples see:




남 <男> - Male

男.png
  • 남자 <> - Man, Male
  • 남편 <便> - Husband
  • 장남 <> - The oldest son
  • 차남 <> - One´s second son
  • 처남 <> - A one's brother-in-law
  • 남동생 <> - A younger brother
  • 남학생 <> - A boy student
  • 남성호르몬 <-> - Male hormone(testosterone)
  • 득남 <> - Begetting a son
  • 남성미 <> - Masculine beauty
For more examples see:




녀 <女> - Female (also )

女.png
  • 여자 <> - Woman, Female
  • 장녀 <> - The oldest daughter
  • 여학생 <> - A girl student
  • 여군 <> - A woman soldier
  • 남녀평등 <> - The equality of the sexes
  • 여동생 <> - A younger sister
  • 해녀 <> - A woman diver for gathering seafoods
  • 소녀 <> - A young girl
  • 득녀 <> - Begetting a daughter
  • 여성미 <> - The feminine beauty
For more examples see:




년 <年> - Year (also )

年.png
For more examples see:




대 <大> - Big, large

大.png
For more examples see:




도 <道> - Road, Morality

道.png
  • 도로 <> - Road, Way
  • 철도 <> - Railroad, Railway
  • 횡단보도 <> - Crosswalk
  • 인도 <> - Sidewalk, Footpath
  • 복도 <> - Hallway
  • 도덕 <> - Morality, Ethics
  • 효도 <> - Filial piety
  • 태권도 <> - Taekwondo (the Korean art of self-defense)
  • 도리 <> - Truth, Justice
  • 불도 <> - Buddhism, The teachings of Buddha
For more examples see:




동 <同> - The same

同.png
  • 동일 <一> - Sameness, Oneness
  • 동료 <> - A co-worker, A colleague
  • 동호회 <> - A club
  • 동감(하다) <> - The same feeling, To feel the same way
  • 동의하다 <> - To agree with a person
  • 동의어 <> - A synonym
  • 동시 <> - The same time
  • 동생 <> - A younger brother/sister
  • 공동 <> - Association
  • 동고동락(하다) <> - To share one´s joys and sorrows with someone
For more examples see:




동 <動> - Be moving, be in motion

動.png
For more examples see:




동 <洞> - Village, division of a 구(), cave

洞.png
  • 동사무소 <> - The office of a dong, village office
  • 동장 <> - The chief of a dong office
  • 동네 <-> - One's neighborhood, a village
  • 명동 <> - Myeongdong (famous area in Seoul)
  • 압구정동 <> - Apgujeong-dong (famous area in Seoul)
For more examples see:




동 <東> - East

東.png
  • 동쪽 <> - The east
  • 동해 <> - The East Sea
  • 동남아시아 <南-> - Southeast Asia
  • 중동 <> - The Middle East
  • 동양 <> - The Orient, The east
  • 동양인 <> - The Oriental people
  • 동양화 <> - An Oriental painting
  • 동방예의지국 <> - The country of courteous people in the East;Korea
  • 동문서답 <西> - An irrelevant answer, An incoherent reply
  • 동대문 <> - The East Gate of Seoul (Dongdaemoon)
For more examples see:




력 <力> - Power, strength, ability (also )

力.png
  • 노력 <努力> - effort, hard work
  • 능력 <> - ability
  • 압력 <> - pressure
  • 폭력 <> - violence
  • 활력 <> - vitality
  • 체력 <> - physical strength, stamina
  • 사고력 <> - thinking power
  • 잠재력 <> - potential energy
  • 경제력 <> - economic power
  • 동력 <> - motive power, Dynamic force
  • 마력 <> - horsepower
For more examples see:




모 <母> - Mother

母.png
  • 부모 <> - Parents
  • 모국 <> - One's native country
  • 모국어 <> - One's native language
  • 모자 <> - Mother and Son
  • 모녀 <> - Mother and Daughter
  • 산모 <> - A woman delivered of a child
  • 미혼모 <> - An unmarried mother
  • 모음 <> - A vowel
  • 모유 <> - Mother´s milk, Breast milk
  • 계모 <> - A stepmother
For more examples see:




모 <毛> - Hair, fur, wool

毛.png
  • 모발 <> - Hair
  • 모공 <> - The skin pores
  • 체모 <> - Body hair
  • 모근 <> - The root of hair
  • 탈모 <> - Falling out of hair
  • 모피 <> - Fur
  • 장모종 <> - A dog or cat which has a long hair ( terrier, golden retriever ... )
  • 단모종 <> - A dog or cat which has a short hair ( chihuahua, beagle, pug ...)
  • 양모 <> - Wool
  • 모직 <> - Woolen fabric
For more examples see:




문 <文> - Writings, sentence, literature

文.png
For more examples see:




문 <門> - Door, Family, Specialty

門.png
  • 창문 <> - Window
  • 정문 <> - Front gate
  • 남대문 <> - The South Gate of Seoul
  • 문단속 <> - Locking a door
  • 교문 <> - A school gate
  • 출입문 <> - Entrance, Exit
  • 철문 <> - An iron door
  • 입문 <> - An introduction
  • 명문 <> - A distinguished family (명문대학교: A university of high reputation)
  • 전문 <> - A specialty
For more examples see:




문 <問> - To ask

問.png
  • 질문 <> - A question
  • 문제 <> - A question, A problem, Trouble
  • 문답 <> - Questions and Answers
  • 설문지 <> - Questionnaire
  • 의문 <> - A doubt, A question
  • 의문사 <> - A mysterious death
  • 의문사 <> - An interrogative
  • 고문 <> - Torture
  • 반문(하다) <> - To ask in return
  • 문병 <> - A visit to a sick person
For more examples see:




미 <美> - Beauty, America

美.png
For more examples see:



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