Phonotactics - Revision history

Mstrum at 03:30, 21 August 2009

2009-08-21T03:30:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:30, 21 August 2009
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	\|-style="text-align: center;"		\|-style="text-align: center;"
	!Final allophone		!Final allophone
	\| colspan=2\|~~{{IPA\|[k̚]}}~~		\| colspan=2\|ㄱ
	\| colspan=2\|~~{{IPA\|[n]}}~~		\| colspan=2\|ㄴ
	\| colspan=3\|~~{{IPA\|[l]}}~~		\| colspan=3\|ㄹ
	\| colspan=3\|~~{{IPA\|[p̚]}}~~		\| colspan=3\|ㅂ
	\| {{IPA\|[m]}}		\| {{IPA\|[m]}}
	\|}		\|}

Mstrum at 21:22, 9 August 2009

2009-08-09T21:22:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:22, 9 August 2009
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	~~==Phonotactics==~~

	Korean syllable structure is maximally /CgVC/, where ''g'' is a glide {{IPA\|/j/}} or {{IPA\|/w/}}. Any consonant but {{IPA\|/ŋ/}} may occur initially, whereas only {{IPA\|/p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/}} may occur finally. Sequences of two consonants may occur between vowels, as outlined above. However, morphemes may also end in CC [[consonant cluster\|clusters]], which are only both expressed when followed by a vowel. When the morpheme is not suffixed, one of the consonants is not expressed; if there is a {{IPA\|/h/}}, which cannot appear in final position, it will be that; otherwise it will be a coronal consonant, and if the sequence is two coronals, then the voiceless one ({{IPA\|/s, tʰ, tɕ/}}) will drop, and {{IPA\|/n/}} or {{IPA\|/l/}} will remain. That is, no sequence reduces to {{IPA\|[t̚]}} in final position.		Korean syllable structure is maximally /CgVC/, where ''g'' is a glide {{IPA\|/j/}} or {{IPA\|/w/}}. Any consonant but {{IPA\|/ŋ/}} may occur initially, whereas only {{IPA\|/p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/}} may occur finally. Sequences of two consonants may occur between vowels, as outlined above. However, morphemes may also end in CC [[consonant cluster\|clusters]], which are only both expressed when followed by a vowel. When the morpheme is not suffixed, one of the consonants is not expressed; if there is a {{IPA\|/h/}}, which cannot appear in final position, it will be that; otherwise it will be a coronal consonant, and if the sequence is two coronals, then the voiceless one ({{IPA\|/s, tʰ, tɕ/}}) will drop, and {{IPA\|/n/}} or {{IPA\|/l/}} will remain. That is, no sequence reduces to {{IPA\|[t̚]}} in final position.

Mstrum at 21:22, 9 August 2009

2009-08-09T21:22:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:22, 9 August 2009
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	\|}		\|}

	When such a sequence is followed by a consonant, the same reduction takes place, but a trace of the lost consonant may remain in its effect on the following consonant. These effects are the same as in a sequence between vowels: an elided obstruent will leave the third consonant fortis, if it's a stop, and an elided {{IPA\|//h//}} will leave it aspirated. Most conceivable combinations do not actually occur;~~<ref group=note>~~For example, morpheme-final {{IPA\|//lp//}} only occurs in verb roots such as 밟 ''balb,'' and is only ever followed by the consonants ''d, j, g, n.''~~</ref>~~ a few examples are: {{IPA\|//lh-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[ltɕʰ]}}, {{IPA\|//nh-t//}} = {{IPA\|[ntʰ]}}, {{IPA\|//nh-s//}} = {{IPA\|[ns͈]}}, {{IPA\|//ltʰ-t//}} = {{IPA\|[lt͈]}}, {{IPA\|//ps-k//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚k͈]}}, {{IPA\|//ps-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}; also {{IPA\|//ps-n//}} = {{IPA\|[mn]}}, as {{IPA\|/s/}} has no effect on a following {{IPA\|/n/}}, and {{IPA\|//ks-h//}} = {{IPA\|[kʰ]}}, with the {{IPA\|/s/}} dropping out.		When such a sequence is followed by a consonant, the same reduction takes place, but a trace of the lost consonant may remain in its effect on the following consonant. These effects are the same as in a sequence between vowels: an elided obstruent will leave the third consonant fortis, if it's a stop, and an elided {{IPA\|//h//}} will leave it aspirated. Most conceivable combinations do not actually occur;For example, morpheme-final {{IPA\|//lp//}} only occurs in verb roots such as 밟 ''balb,'' and is only ever followed by the consonants ''d, j, g, n.'' a few examples are: {{IPA\|//lh-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[ltɕʰ]}}, {{IPA\|//nh-t//}} = {{IPA\|[ntʰ]}}, {{IPA\|//nh-s//}} = {{IPA\|[ns͈]}}, {{IPA\|//ltʰ-t//}} = {{IPA\|[lt͈]}}, {{IPA\|//ps-k//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚k͈]}}, {{IPA\|//ps-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}; also {{IPA\|//ps-n//}} = {{IPA\|[mn]}}, as {{IPA\|/s/}} has no effect on a following {{IPA\|/n/}}, and {{IPA\|//ks-h//}} = {{IPA\|[kʰ]}}, with the {{IPA\|/s/}} dropping out.

	When the second and third consonants are homorganic obstruents, they merge, becoming fortis or aspirate, and—depending on the word, and a preceding {{IPA\|//l//}} might not elide: {{IPA\|//lk-k//}} is {{IPA\|[lk͈]}}.		When the second and third consonants are homorganic obstruents, they merge, becoming fortis or aspirate, and—depending on the word, and a preceding {{IPA\|//l//}} might not elide: {{IPA\|//lk-k//}} is {{IPA\|[lk͈]}}.
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	An elided {{IPA\|//l//}} has no effect: {{IPA\|//lk-t//}} = {{IPA\|[k̚t͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lk-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[k̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA\|//lk-s//}} = {{IPA\|[k̚s͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lk-n//}} = {{IPA\|[ŋn]}}, {{IPA\|//lm-t//}} = {{IPA\|[md]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-k//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚k͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-t//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA\|//lpʰ-t//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lpʰ-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-n//}} = {{IPA\|[mn]}}.		An elided {{IPA\|//l//}} has no effect: {{IPA\|//lk-t//}} = {{IPA\|[k̚t͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lk-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[k̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA\|//lk-s//}} = {{IPA\|[k̚s͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lk-n//}} = {{IPA\|[ŋn]}}, {{IPA\|//lm-t//}} = {{IPA\|[md]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-k//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚k͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-t//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA\|//lpʰ-t//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈]}}, {{IPA\|//lpʰ-tɕ//}} = {{IPA\|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA\|//lp-n//}} = {{IPA\|[mn]}}.

	Among vowels, the sequences {{IPA\|/jø, jɯ, ji, wo, wɯ, wu/}} do not occur, and it is not possible to write them using standard hangul.~~<ref group="note">~~While 워 is romanized as ''wo,'' it does not represent {{IPA\|/wo/}}, but rather {{IPA\|/wʌ/}} instead.~~</ref>~~ The semivowel {{IPA\|[ɰ]}} only occurs in the diphthong {{IPA\|/ɰ͡i/}}.		Among vowels, the sequences {{IPA\|/jø, jɯ, ji, wo, wɯ, wu/}} do not occur, and it is not possible to write them using standard hangul.While 워 is romanized as ''wo,'' it does not represent {{IPA\|/wo/}}, but rather {{IPA\|/wʌ/}} instead. The semivowel {{IPA\|[ɰ]}} only occurs in the diphthong {{IPA\|/ɰ͡i/}}.

	[[Category:Consonants]]		[[Category:Consonants]]

Mstrum: Copied from wikipedia, needs to be reformated and the name should probably change

2009-08-09T21:21:21Z

Copied from wikipedia, needs to be reformated and the name should probably change

New page

==Phonotactics==

Korean syllable structure is maximally /CgVC/, where ''g'' is a glide {{IPA|/j/}} or {{IPA|/w/}}. Any consonant but {{IPA|/ŋ/}} may occur initially, whereas only {{IPA|/p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/}} may occur finally. Sequences of two consonants may occur between vowels, as outlined above. However, morphemes may also end in CC [[consonant cluster|clusters]], which are only both expressed when followed by a vowel. When the morpheme is not suffixed, one of the consonants is not expressed; if there is a {{IPA|/h/}}, which cannot appear in final position, it will be that; otherwise it will be a coronal consonant, and if the sequence is two coronals, then the voiceless one ({{IPA|/s, tʰ, tɕ/}}) will drop, and {{IPA|/n/}} or {{IPA|/l/}} will remain. That is, no sequence reduces to {{IPA|[t̚]}} in final position.

:{|class="wikitable"
|-style="text-align: center;"
!Sequence
!ㄳ gs
!ㄺ lg
!ㄵ nj
!ㄶ nh
!ㄽ ls
!ㄾ lt
!ㅀ lh
!ㅄ bs
!ㄼ lb
!ㄿ lp
!ㄻ lm
|-style="text-align: center;"
!Medial allophone
| {{IPA|[k̚s͈]}}
| {{IPA|[lɡ]}}
| {{IPA|[ndʑ]}}
| {{IPA|[n(ɦ)]}}
| {{IPA|[ls]}}
| {{IPA|[ltʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[l(ɦ)]}}
| {{IPA|[p̚s͈]}}
| {{IPA|[lb]}}
| {{IPA|[lpʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[lm]}}
|-style="text-align: center;"
!Final allophone
| colspan=2|{{IPA|[k̚]}}
| colspan=2|{{IPA|[n]}}
| colspan=3|{{IPA|[l]}}
| colspan=3|{{IPA|[p̚]}}
| {{IPA|[m]}}
|}

When such a sequence is followed by a consonant, the same reduction takes place, but a trace of the lost consonant may remain in its effect on the following consonant. These effects are the same as in a sequence between vowels: an elided obstruent will leave the third consonant fortis, if it's a stop, and an elided {{IPA|//h//}} will leave it aspirated. Most conceivable combinations do not actually occur;<ref group=note>For example, morpheme-final {{IPA|//lp//}} only occurs in verb roots such as 밟 ''balb,'' and is only ever followed by the consonants ''d, j, g, n.''</ref> a few examples are: {{IPA|//lh-tɕ//}} = {{IPA|[ltɕʰ]}}, {{IPA|//nh-t//}} = {{IPA|[ntʰ]}}, {{IPA|//nh-s//}} = {{IPA|[ns͈]}}, {{IPA|//ltʰ-t//}} = {{IPA|[lt͈]}}, {{IPA|//ps-k//}} = {{IPA|[p̚k͈]}}, {{IPA|//ps-tɕ//}} = {{IPA|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}; also {{IPA|//ps-n//}} = {{IPA|[mn]}}, as {{IPA|/s/}} has no effect on a following {{IPA|/n/}}, and {{IPA|//ks-h//}} = {{IPA|[kʰ]}}, with the {{IPA|/s/}} dropping out.

When the second and third consonants are homorganic obstruents, they merge, becoming fortis or aspirate, and—depending on the word, and a preceding {{IPA|//l//}} might not elide: {{IPA|//lk-k//}} is {{IPA|[lk͈]}}.

An elided {{IPA|//l//}} has no effect: {{IPA|//lk-t//}} = {{IPA|[k̚t͈]}}, {{IPA|//lk-tɕ//}} = {{IPA|[k̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA|//lk-s//}} = {{IPA|[k̚s͈]}}, {{IPA|//lk-n//}} = {{IPA|[ŋn]}}, {{IPA|//lm-t//}} = {{IPA|[md]}}, {{IPA|//lp-k//}} = {{IPA|[p̚k͈]}}, {{IPA|//lp-t//}} = {{IPA|[p̚t͈]}}, {{IPA|//lp-tɕ//}} = {{IPA|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA|//lpʰ-t//}} = {{IPA|[p̚t͈]}}, {{IPA|//lpʰ-tɕ//}} = {{IPA|[p̚t͈ɕ]}}, {{IPA|//lp-n//}} = {{IPA|[mn]}}.

Among vowels, the sequences {{IPA|/*jø, *jɯ, *ji, *wo, *wɯ, *wu/}} do not occur, and it is not possible to write them using standard hangul.<ref group="note">While 워 is romanized as ''wo,'' it does not represent {{IPA|/wo/}}, but rather {{IPA|/wʌ/}} instead.</ref> The semivowel {{IPA|[ɰ]}} only occurs in the diphthong {{IPA|/ɰ͡i/}}.

[[Category:Consonants]]