Difference between revisions of "Adverbs"

From Korean Wiki Project
Jump to: navigation, search
(Common Adverbs Formed with Adjective + 게)
Line 52: Line 52:
 
*밝게
 
*밝게
 
*자여스럽게 - naturally
 
*자여스럽게 - naturally
 +
*가볍게 - lightly
  
 
==Common Adverbs Ending with 히==
 
==Common Adverbs Ending with 히==
Line 90: Line 91:
 
*직접으로 - in person
 
*직접으로 - in person
 
*일반적으로 - generally
 
*일반적으로 - generally
 +
*자동으로 - automatically
  
 
==Other Adverbs==
 
==Other Adverbs==
*없이 - witout
+
*없이 - without
**틀림 없이 - witout an error or mistake => Certainly, sure, definitely, no matter what
+
**틀림 없이 - literally 'without error' or 'without a mistake' => Certainly, sure, definitely, no matter what
 
*빨리 - quickly  빠른 is quick, and 빨리 is just similar changing.
 
*빨리 - quickly  빠른 is quick, and 빨리 is just similar changing.
*많이 - a lot  많은 is many or much (adj)
+
*많이
 
*일찍 - early
 
*일찍 - early
 
*같이 - with, together  같은 means same.  
 
*같이 - with, together  같은 means same.  

Revision as of 03:08, 13 September 2010

Construction.png


In general, many adverbs, called 부사 in Korean, are created by attaching 게 to to the end of an adjective stem (A + 게). However, sometimes there is a more natural form, especially adverbs ending with the syllable 히 or (으)로. Also since Korean and English are quite different languages, some of the adverbs translated literally into English can sound awkward, for example '맛있게 먹다' means eat deliciously.

Common Adverbs Formed with Adjective + 게

Also see: A + 게

Adverbs formed using adjective + 게
Adjective (descriptive verb) Meaning Adverb form Meaning
편하다 to be comfortable 편하게 comfortably
어렵다 to be difficult 어렵게 difficultly
자유롭다 to be free 자유롭게 freely
행복하다 to be happy 행복하게 Happily
즐겁다 to be pleasant 즐겁게 pleasantly
아름답다 to be beautiful 아름답게 beautifully
조용하다 to be quiet 조용하게 quietly
용기있는 to be brave 용기있게 bravely
편리하다 to be convenient 편리하게 conveniently
크다 to be large 크게 largely
안전하다 to be safe 안전하게 safely
싸다 to be cheap 싸게 cheaply
늦다 to be late 늦게 late (adv)
위험하다 to be dangerous 위험하게 dangerously

As a noun modifier, Korean Adjective has suffix "ㄴ" categories (ex: ~은, ~는). "~다" is used only for complement.

So don't say "크다 남자." That's completely wrong, though you may say "저 남자가 크다." (means "That man is big.")

Say "큰 사람" when you would like say "big,large, or tall person."

  • 재미있게 - have fun doing, enjoy ~ing
  • 바쁘게
  • 예쁘게
  • 나쁘게
  • 무례하게
  • 맛있게
  • 밝게
  • 자여스럽게 - naturally
  • 가볍게 - lightly

Common Adverbs Ending with 히

Adjectives Ending with 히
Adverb Meaning Derived from Meaning
천천히 Slowly N/A slow
솔직히 Honestly, frankly 솔직하다 frank, honest, open
우연히 On accident, by chance 우연하다 accidental, happenchance
특히 Especially, particularly 특별하다 special
확실히 Certainly, for sure, for certain, definitely 확실하다 certain, sure
자세히 In detail 자세하다 detailed
완전히 Completely, fully, perfectly 완전하다 Complete, full, perfect
  • 분명히 - definitely, clearly, certainly
  • 확실히 - definitely, surely, for sure

Korean seldom use "천천한" so don't regard it as mechanical thing.

Some words originated from Chinese Character, like English word with Latin or Greek dervation. That's why you may have some difficulty in finding relation between "특히" & "특별한"

There's some applications of "특". "특식" - special food "특실" - special room "특차" - specially selected and uncountable applications because Chinese charcter has its own meaning and various combinations are possible.

Common Adverbs Ending with (으)로

  • 직접으로 - in person
  • 일반적으로 - generally
  • 자동으로 - automatically

Other Adverbs

  • 없이 - without
    • 틀림 없이 - literally 'without error' or 'without a mistake' => Certainly, sure, definitely, no matter what
  • 빨리 - quickly 빠른 is quick, and 빨리 is just similar changing.
  • 많이
  • 일찍 - early
  • 같이 - with, together 같은 means same.

If people has common mind, they could be together. That's why Korean usullay say "우리 아빠 our dad" instead of "내 아빠 my dad." Korean has more concern about concept of community, though it is changing into westernized style like invidualism.

  • 따로 - separately It comes from 다른 (different) If you have different or trecherous mind where you belong to, they will separate you.
  • 깊이 - deeply 깊은 is adj
  • 갑자기 - suddenly 갑작스런 is adj
  • 꼭 - for sure
  • 반드시 - at all cost
  • 보통 - usually
  • 전혀 - never
  • 맨날 - every day
  • 자주 - more than often 자주 is more repetive.
  • 자꾸 - continously often 자꾸 is something to do with obsession. "자꾸 니 생각이나" means I can't stop thinking about you.
  • 가끔 - less than sometimes 가끔 means less repetive.
  • 일부러 - on purpose, deliberately
  • 함부로 - carelessly, mindlessly

See also