Nasalization: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:40, 4 October 2014

Description

When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization." Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ).

This rule is called 비음화 in Korean.

Cases

First syllable Consonant	Second syllable Consonant	Becomes	Examples
ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ	ㄴ/ㄹ	ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ ㄴ/ㄹ→ ㄴ	학년 → [항년] 국내 → [궁내] 꼬락내 (feet smell) → [꼬랑내] 득남 → [등남] 득녀 → [등녀] 막내 → [망내] 속눈썹 → [송눈썹] 욕망 → [용망] 작년 (last year)→ [장년] 저녁노을 → [저녕노을] 폭력 → [퐁녁] 독립 → [동닙]
ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ	ㅁ	ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ	각막 → [강막] 곡물 → [공물] 국물 → [궁물] 국민 → [궁민] 국민 → [궁민] 박물관 → [방물관] 북미 → [붕미] 색맹 → [생맹] 식물 → [싱물] 악마 → [앙마] 악몽 (nightmare) → [앙몽] 한국말 (Korean language) → [한궁말] 목마르다 → [몽마르다] 부엌 문 → [부엉 문]
ㅇ	ㄹ	ㄹ → ㄴ	종로 → [종노] 종료 → [종뇨] 청량리 → [청냥니] 정리 → [정니] 승리 → [승니]
ㅎ	ㄴ	ㅎ → ㄴ	논현 → [논년]
ㄴ	ㅎ	ㅎ → ㄴ	반하다 → [반하다/반나다]
ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ	ㄴ/ㄹ	ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ	덧니 → [던니] 있는 → [인는] 송곳니 → [송곤니] 받는 → [반는] 존댓말 → [존댄말] 했나 → [핸나]
ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ	ㅁ	ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ	거짓말 → [거진말]
ᆸ/ᇁ	ㄴ/ㄹ	ㅂ/ㅍ → ㅁ ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ	십륙 → [심뉵] 왕십리 → [왕심니]
ㅁ	ㄹ	ㄹ → ㄴ	심리 → [심니]
ㄴ	ㄹ (in a compound noun)	ㄹ → ㄴ	테헤란로 → [테헤란노]

Advanced Note

A note for intermediate learners: You should also remember that when the second half of a compound noun begins with ㄹ as in ~로 (road) or ~리 (vilage), you must treat it as a ㄴ, even after another ㄴ. So while 신라 → [실라] is the norm, a street in Seoul called 테헤란로 becomes [테헤란노]. Another related phenomenon is when a compound noun's second half begins with 이 or a yod (야,얘,여,예,요,유). You insert a ㄴ and thus, 색_연필 becomes 생년필.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Description==
-This rule falls under the rule: [[ㄱ, ㄲ, ㅋ + ㄴ, ㅁ]] where a /k/ sound [[받침]] collides with a nasal sound(ㄴ,ㅁ) and becomes a nasal sound also (ㅇ). Note that when ㄱ also appears in the double 받침 position, such as 읽다, that this rule applies as well. This rule also applies when the ㄱ is a 받침 and the next word's first letter is a nasal sound, i.e. (example needed!)
+When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization."  Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ).
-'''Pronunciation 'Rule:'''
+This rule is called 비음화 in Korean.
-*Case 1: 'ㄱ' [[받침]] + 'ㄴ' or 'ㅁ' →  ㄱ gets pronounced as ㅇ(/ŋ/)
+==Cases==
+{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"
+|-
+! First syllable Consonant
+! Second syllable Consonant
+! Becomes
+! Examples
+|-
+| ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ
+| ㄴ/ㄹ
+|
+*ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ
+*ㄴ/ㄹ→ ㄴ
+|
+*학년 → [항년]
+*국내 → [궁내]
+*꼬락내 (feet smell) → [꼬랑내]
+*득남 → [등남]
+*득녀 → [등녀]
+*막내 → [망내]
+*속눈썹 → [송눈썹]
+*욕망 → [용망]
+*작년 (last year)→ [장년]
+*저녁노을 → [저녕노을]
+*폭력 → [퐁녁]
+*독립 → [동닙]
+|-
+| ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ
+| ㅁ
+|
+* ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ
+|
+*각막 → [강막]
+*곡물 → [공물]
+*국물 → [궁물]
+*국민 → [궁민]
+*국민 → [궁민]
+*박물관 → [방물관]
+*북미 → [붕미]
+*색맹 → [생맹]
+*식물 → [싱물]
+*악마 → [앙마]
+*악몽 (nightmare) → [앙몽]
+*한국말 (Korean language) → [한궁말]
+*목마르다 → [몽마르다]
+*부엌 문 → [부엉 문]
+|-
+| ㅇ
+| ㄹ
+|
+* ㄹ → ㄴ
+|
+*종로 → [종노]
+*종료 → [종뇨]
+*청량리 → [청냥니]
+*정리 → [정니]
+*승리 → [승니]
+|-
+| ㅎ
+| ㄴ
+|
+* ㅎ → ㄴ
+|
+*논현 → [논년]
+|-
+| ㄴ
+| ㅎ
+|
+* ㅎ → ㄴ
+|
+*반하다 → [반하다/반나다]
+|-
+|-
+| ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ
+| ㄴ/ㄹ
+|
+* ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ
+* ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ
+|
+*덧니 → [던니]
+*있는 → [인는]
+*송곳니 → [송곤니]
+*받는 → [반는]
+*존댓말 → [존댄말]
+*했나 → [핸나]
+|-
+| ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ
+| ㅁ
+|
+* ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ
+|
+*거짓말 → [거진말]
+|-
+| ᆸ/ᇁ
+| ㄴ/ㄹ
+|
+*ㅂ/ㅍ → ㅁ
+*ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ
+|
+*십륙 → [심뉵]
+*왕십리 → [왕심니]
+|-
+| ㅁ
+| ㄹ
+|
+* ㄹ → ㄴ
+|
+* 심리 → [심니]
+|-
+| ㄴ
+| ㄹ (in a compound noun)
+|
+* ㄹ → ㄴ
+|
+* 테헤란로 → [테헤란노]
+|}
+==Advanced Note==
+* A note for intermediate learners: You should also remember that when the second half of a compound noun begins with ㄹ as in ~로 (road) or ~리 (vilage), you must treat it as a ㄴ, even after another ㄴ. So while 신라 → [실라] is the norm, a street in Seoul called 테헤란로 becomes [테헤란노]. Another related phenomenon is when a compound noun's second half begins with 이 or a yod (야,얘,여,예,요,유). You insert a ㄴ and thus, 색_연필 becomes 생년필.
 ==Examples==
-*국내 → "궁내"
-*국민 → "궁민"
-*꼬락내 (feet smell) → "꼬랑내"
-*득남 → "등남"
-*득녀 → "등녀"
-*막내 → "망내"
-*속눈썹 → "송눈썹"
-*악몽 (nightmare) → "앙몽"
-*작년 (last year)→ "장년"
-*작년 → "장년"
-*저녁노을 → "저녕노을"
-*학년 → "항년"
-*학년 → "항년"
-*한국말 (Korean language) → "한궁말"
 ==See also==
 *[[ㄲ + ㄴ, ㅁ]]
 *[[ㅋ + ㄴ, ㅁ]]
+[[Category:Consonant assimilation|ㄱ]]