Difference between revisions of "Nasalization"
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization." Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ). | When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization." Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ). | ||
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| + | This rule is called 비음화 in Korean. | ||
==Cases== | ==Cases== | ||
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| + | {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! First syllable Consonant | ||
| + | ! Second syllable Consonant | ||
| + | ! Becomes | ||
| + | ! Examples | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ | ||
| + | | ㄴ/ㄹ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ | ||
| + | *ㄴ/ㄹ→ ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *학년 → [항년] | ||
| + | *국내 → [궁내] | ||
| + | *꼬락내 (feet smell) → [꼬랑내] | ||
| + | *득남 → [등남] | ||
| + | *득녀 → [등녀] | ||
| + | *막내 → [망내] | ||
| + | *속눈썹 → [송눈썹] | ||
| + | *욕망 → [용망] | ||
| + | *작년 (last year)→ [장년] | ||
| + | *저녁노을 → [저녕노을] | ||
| + | *폭력 → [퐁녁] | ||
| + | *독립 → [동닙] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ | ||
| + | | ㅁ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *각막 → [강막] | ||
| + | *곡물 → [공물] | ||
| + | *국물 → [궁물] | ||
| + | *국민 → [궁민] | ||
| + | *국민 → [궁민] | ||
| + | *박물관 → [방물관] | ||
| + | *북미 → [붕미] | ||
| + | *색맹 → [생맹] | ||
| + | *식물 → [싱물] | ||
| + | *악마 → [앙마] | ||
| + | *악몽 (nightmare) → [앙몽] | ||
| + | *한국말 (Korean language) → [한궁말] | ||
| + | *목마르다 → [몽마르다] | ||
| + | *부엌 문 → [부엉 문] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㅇ | ||
| + | | ㄹ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ㄹ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
*종로 → [종노] | *종로 → [종노] | ||
*종료 → [종뇨] | *종료 → [종뇨] | ||
| + | *청량리 → [청냥니] | ||
| + | *정리 → [정니] | ||
| + | *승리 → [승니] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㅎ | ||
| + | | ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ㅎ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *논현 → [논년] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㄴ | ||
| + | | ㅎ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ㅎ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *반하다 → [반하다/반나다] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ | ||
| + | | ㄴ/ㄹ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ | ||
| + | * ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *덧니 → [던니] | ||
| + | *있는 → [인는] | ||
| + | *송곳니 → [송곤니] | ||
| + | *받는 → [반는] | ||
| + | *존댓말 → [존댄말] | ||
| + | *했나 → [핸나] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ | ||
| + | | ㅁ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *거짓말 → [거진말] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ᆸ/ᇁ | ||
| + | | ㄴ/ㄹ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *ㅂ/ㅍ → ㅁ | ||
| + | *ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | *십륙 → [심뉵] | ||
| + | *왕십리 → [왕심니] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㅁ | ||
| + | | ㄹ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ㄹ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * 심리 → [심니] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ㄴ | ||
| + | | ㄹ (in a compound noun) | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * ㄹ → ㄴ | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | * 테헤란로 → [테헤란노] | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Advanced Note== | ||
| + | * A note for intermediate learners: You should also remember that when the second half of a compound noun begins with ㄹ as in ~로 (road) or ~리 (vilage), you must treat it as a ㄴ, even after another ㄴ. So while 신라 → [실라] is the norm, a street in Seoul called 테헤란로 becomes [테헤란노]. Another related phenomenon is when a compound noun's second half begins with 이 or a yod (야,얘,여,예,요,유). You insert a ㄴ and thus, 색_연필 becomes 생년필. | ||
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| + | ==Examples== | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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*[[ㅋ + ㄴ, ㅁ]] | *[[ㅋ + ㄴ, ㅁ]] | ||
| − | [[Category:Consonant | + | [[Category:Consonant assimilation|ㄱ]] |
Latest revision as of 13:40, 4 October 2014
Description
When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization." Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ).
This rule is called 비음화 in Korean.
Cases
| First syllable Consonant | Second syllable Consonant | Becomes | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ | ㄴ/ㄹ |
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| ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ | ㅁ |
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| ㅇ | ㄹ |
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| ㅎ | ㄴ |
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| ㄴ | ㅎ |
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| ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ | ㄴ/ㄹ |
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| ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ | ㅁ |
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| ᆸ/ᇁ | ㄴ/ㄹ |
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| ㅁ | ㄹ |
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| ㄴ | ㄹ (in a compound noun) |
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|
Advanced Note
- A note for intermediate learners: You should also remember that when the second half of a compound noun begins with ㄹ as in ~로 (road) or ~리 (vilage), you must treat it as a ㄴ, even after another ㄴ. So while 신라 → [실라] is the norm, a street in Seoul called 테헤란로 becomes [테헤란노]. Another related phenomenon is when a compound noun's second half begins with 이 or a yod (야,얘,여,예,요,유). You insert a ㄴ and thus, 색_연필 becomes 생년필.
