(으)니
Description
Adjective/Verb + (으)니 : Because, since. If you're looking for the interrogative ending A/V + 니 go here.
Notes
- 1. = A/V + (으)니까 / A/V + (으)니까 is used more often in spoken form.
- 2. another function of this ending is to simply denote a connection between a fact presented in the preceding clause and the contents of fallowing clause.
Conjugation Rule
| Pattern | Case | Example | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rule 1: | A/V + 니 | If there is no 받침 or if the adjective/verb stem has ㄹ as a 받침 | 가다 → 가니 |
| Rule 2: | A/V + 으니 | If there is a 받침 at the end of the adjective/verb stem | 있다 → 있으니 |
Sentence Examples
| Korean | English | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 담배를 피우니 기분이 좋아졌어요. (＝담배를 피우니까 기분이 좋아졌어요.) |
I feel better because I smoked. | Polite informal form |
| 버스는 복잡하니 택시를 타자. (＝버스는 복잡하니까 택시를 타자.) |
Let's take a cab because the bus is crowded. | Low form |
| 시간이 없으니 빨리 먹자. (＝시간이 없으니까 빨리 먹자.) |
Let's eat quickly because we don't have enough time. | Low form |
| 오늘은 날씨가 추우니 따뜻한 옷을 입으세요. (＝오늘은 날씨가 추우니까 따뜻한 옷을 입으세요.) |
It's cold today, so put on some warm clothes. | Polite informal form |
| 내가 잘못 했으니 내가 사과할게. (＝내가 잘못했으니까 내가 사과할게.) |
It's my mistake, so I'll apologize. | Low form |
| 철수가 아직도 안 들어오니 웬일일까요? | Since Chul Su is not home yet, what do you think happened? | Polite informal form |
| 돈이 다 떨어졌으니 어떻게 하지? | I'm all out of money, so how will I live on? | Low form |
| 차가 이렇게 밀리니 어떻게 하지요? | Since we are in a traffic jam. What should we do? | Polite informal form |
| 벌써 10시인데 아직도 안 일어나니 웬일일까? | It's already 10 O'clock and he still hasn't gotten up. What do you suppose is the matter? | Low form |
| 이 역은 타는 곳과 전동차 틈새가 넓어 발이 빠질 수 있으니 내릴때 조심하시기 바랍니다 | Formal declarative This sentence is an actual announcement from the subway. |
Pronunciation
- Special pronunciation rule?
See Also
- Related topic or grammar